![]() ![]() 9 Additionally, there is no empirical evidence to guide the neighborhood areas in which food environment improvements should occur. ![]() By addressing such factors, longitudinal studies can better estimate how food resources influence diet. Businesses locate in areas with the highest expected demand, and households locate according to affordability and other factors which may vary systematically with food resources and health-related behaviors. However, evidence that food resources influence diet or obesity is mixed (e.g., 4, 6– 8) and almost exclusively cross-sectional. 4– 5 Implicit in these policy initiatives is that reduced access to fast food and increased access to supermarkets will translate into improvements in diet behavior and health. Such policies stem from limited evidence that food resources are related to obesity and are inequitably allocated across neighborhoods with varying wealth. Reducing “food deserts” – defined as neighborhoods with poor access to healthy foods – by improving access to food resources in disadvantaged areas is a major component of the White House Task Force on Childhood Obesity 1 and is the objective of widespread policy initiatives across the United States (U.S.
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